Prevalence of vitamin D deficiency in girls with idiopathic central precocious puberty / 医学前沿

The relationship between vitamin D deficiency and idiopathic central precocious puberty (ICPP) has been recently documented. In this study, 280 girls diagnosed with ICPP and 188 normal puberty control girls of similar ages were enrolled and retrospectively studied. The ICPP group had significantly lower serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25[OH]D) levels than the control group. Furthermore, a nonlinear relationship was found between serum 25[OH]D and ICPP, and a cut-off point for serum 25[OH]D was found at 31.8 ng/ml for ICPP with and without adjusting the different confounding factors. Girls with serum 25[OH]D ≥ 31.8 ng/ml had a lower odds ratio (unadjusted: OR 0.36, 95% CI 0.15 to 0.83, P < 0.05; height and weight adjusted: OR 0.44, 95% CI 0.18 to 1.08, P = 0.072; BMI adjusted: OR 0.36, 95% CI 0.16 to 0.84, P < 0.05). The ICPP subjects with 25[OH]D deficiency had a higher body mass index (BMI) than the subjects from the two other subgroups. Correlation analysis showed that vitamin D level is correlated with BMI and some metabolic parameters in the ICPP group. Our study suggested that vitamin D status may be associated with ICPP risk and may have a threshold effect on ICPP.

Adjunct role of nerve stimulator in ultrasound- guided axillary brachial plexus block / 实用医学杂志

Objective To evaluate the adjunct role of nerve stimulator in ultrasound- guided axillary bra-chial plexus block. Methods 50 patients undergoing lower elbow surgery in our hospital were selected from Sep-tember 2016 to November 2017. They were randomly divided into two groups with 25 cases each,which are guid-ance of ultrasound combined with nerve stimulator group(group US)and ultrasound alone group(group U). 32 mL of 0.4% ropivocaine were administered in both groups. The onset time and duration of sensory blockade in mus-culocutaneous,radial,median and ulnar nerve were recorded. The extent of sensory block of each in nervated re-gion and the anesthetic effect of surgical field(rated as excellent,good and failure)were both assessed. The anes-thetic complications were also observed and recorded. Results There were no significant differences in the onset time and duration of sensory blockade in both groups(P > 0.05). The anesthetic effects of surgical field were 92%in group US and 84% in group U(P > 0.05). No major anesthetic complications occurred in two groups. Conclu-sion Ideal anesthetic effects are achieved in both groups,and the successful rate of anesthesia in group US is not significantly increased. The role of nerve stimulator as an adjunct to ultrasound - guided axillary brachial plexus block may be very limited.

Association between transforming growth factor-β1 gene polymorphism and risk of chronic hepaitis B virus infection progressing to hepatocellular carcinoma / 国际检验医学杂志

Objective To investigate the relationship between the polymorphism of transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1 ) gene and risk of chronic hepatitis B virus(HBV)infection progressing to hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC).Methods 120 patients with chronic HBV infection(case group)and 100 age-and sex-matched healthy individuals(healthy control group)were randomly enrolled to this study.The polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism technique was adopted to detect the single nucleotide polymorphism of TGF-β1 gene(T29C),and made the comparative analysis combined with TGF-β1 mRNA level. Results The risk of HCC occurrence in the patients carrying genotype CC was decreased than that in the patients carrying geno-type TT (OR=0.317,95%CI =0.110-0.913,P =0.033;OR=284,95%CI =0.093 -0.866,P =0.027),the risk of HCC in pa-tients carrying allele C was significantly decreased compared with that in the patients carrying allele T(OR =0.570,95%CI =0.341 -0.953,P =0.032;OR=0.548,95%CI =0.320-0.936,P =0.028).In the HCC group,the patients carrying genotype CC had the lower lever of TGF-β1 mRNA.Conclusion TGF-β1 gene polymorphism(T29C)may be related to the risk of chronic HBV infection progressing to HCC.

Clinical effect of perioperative injection of analgecine on patient-controlled intravenous analgesia of fentanyl in lumbotomy patients / 中国基层医药

Objective To compare the effect of perioperative intravenous injection of Analgecine on the analgesic efficacy and complications of patient-controlled intravenous analgesia ( PCIA ) of different doses of fentsnyl in postoperative lumhotomy patients.Methods 200 patients underweat hmbotomy in general anesthesia were randomly divided into four groups with fifty cases each.Fentanyl 1.0mg in group A,fentanyl 0.5mg in group B,fentanyl 1.0mg in group C,fentanyl 0.5mg in group D.The drugs in each group were diluted to 100ml and infused by pumps.Besides,the patients in group C and D were injected with analgecine 3.6u and 7.2u at the night before the operation,preoperation and postoperation respectively.The visual analog scale(VAS),times of PCA and incidence of side effects were recorded during the period of postoperative 24 hours.Results The VAS of group B at 2h after operation was (5.2 ± 1.9 ) points,which was significandy higher than that of group A,C and D( P ＜ 0.05 ),VAS became similar 4h later( P ＞0.05).The demanding times for supplemental bolus in group B were also significantly higher than that of A,C and D( P ＜ 0.05 ).The incidence of nausea,vomiting,itching,somnolence in group B and D were significantly less than those in group A and C( P ＜0.05 ).No respiratory depression or abnormal bleeding occurred in the four groups.Conclusion Perioperative intravenous injection of analgecine had a better effect on PCIA of fentanyl and could reduce fentanyl requirement and its side effects in lumbotomy patients.

Effect of encapsulation in liposomes on toxic effect of bupivacaine on spinal cord in rats / 中华麻醉学杂志

ObjectiveTo study the toxic effect of bupivacaine encapsulated in liposomes on spinal cord in rats.MethodsOne hundred and eight SD rats (200-225 g) in which intrathecal (IT) catheter was successfully implanted without complications were randomly divided into 6 groups ( n =18 each):control group (group C) ; liposome group (group L) ; 0.5％ and 1.0％ bupivacaine groups (groups B1 and B2 ) and 0.5％ and 1.0％ bupivacaine encapsulated in liposomes groups (groups LB1 and LB2 ).In groups L,B1,B2,LB1 and LB2,liposome,0.5 ％ bupivacaine,1.0 ％ bupivacaine,0.5 ％ liposomal bypivacaine and 1.0 ％ liposomal bupivacaine 20 μl were injected IT respectively once a day for 7 consecutive days,while in group C nothing was injected IT.Pain threshold was measured by mechanical stimulation of the plantar surface of hindpaw.Motor function of the hindlimbs was also assessed.The animals were sacrificed at 8 day after IT injection.The lumbar segment of the spinal cord was removed for microscopic examination,detection of neuronal apoptosis (by flow cytometry) and Fos protein expression (by immuno-histochemistry).Results1.0％ bupivacaine IT significantly increased the percentage of apoptotic neurons in group B2 as compared with control group.0.5％ and 1.0％ bupivacaine IT significantly increased the number Fos protein positive cells in group B1 and B2 as compared with group C.1.0％ bupivacaine IT induced severe histologic damage including shrinkage of nucleus and vacuole formation in mitochondria.Encapsulation of bupivacaine in liposomes significantly attenuated bupivacaine-induced increase in apoptosis and Fos protein expression and histologic damage in group LB2 as compared with group B2.ConclusionThe encapsulation in liposomes can decrease the neurotoxicity of 1.0 ％ bupivacaine administered IT in rats.

Inhibition of pioglitazone on cardiac hypertrophy in vitro / 中国药理学通报

AIM To investigate the effects of pioglitazone on cardiac hypertrophy in vitro. METHODS Hypertrophy in neonatal rat cardiac myocytes (MC) and cardiac nonmyocytes (NMC) was established with angiotensinⅡ (AngⅡ). mRNA expression of atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) and brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) was measured by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT PCR). MTT assay and 3H TdR uptake was used to estimate proliferation of NMC. The surface area of MC was analyzed by the aid of NIH Image J software, and the synthetic rate of protein in MC was detected by 3H leucine incorporation. RESULTS In the condition of hypertrophy, increases of surface area,mRNA expression of ANP and BNP and 3H leucine incorporation in MC and an increase of proliferation in NMC were detected, but no changes in mRNA expression of ANP and BNP in NMC. Pioglitazone inhibited the changes above and reduced mRNA expression of ANP and BNP in NMC in a dose dependent manner. CONCLUSION The results demonstrate that pioglitazone inhibits cardiac hypertrophy in vitro and it suggests that pioglitazone has a potential role in the prevention and treatment of cardiac diseases such as cardiac hypertrophy.

CHANGES OF TOCOPHEROL DURING THE REFINING PROCESS OF RAPESEED OIL / 营养学报

Objective: To clarify the changes of content and composition of tocopherol in rapeseed oil during the refining process. Methods: The content and composition of tocopherol was determined by HPLC. Results: The content of tocopherol in oil is: crude oil 0.1298%, degummed and neutralized oil 0.1189 %, bleached oil 0.0825%, deodorized oil 0.0686%. Compared to crude oil, the total tocopherol content decreased 47.1% after the whole refining process,and the ?-tocopherol content decreased 33.1%,66.4%,66.7% after degumming and neutralization, bleaching, deodorization, respectively. Conclusion: The content of tocopherol and ?-tocopherol decreases significantly as well as the relative proportion of ?-tocopherol in total tocopherol after refining.These changes must be taken into account during the refining technology optimization, utilization of by-products and evaluation of oxidant stability of rapeseed oil .